Revision as of 05:34, 19 May 2011

Summary

In the last decade, new displays have been developed at an ever-increasing pace: bulky cathode ray tubes have been replaced by flat panels and mobile phones, tablets, and navigation systems have proliferated. Seeing this explosion raises tantalizing questions about the future evolution of visual displays:

• Will interactive 3D experiences replace passive 2D ones?
• Will pixels die out and be replaced by voxels or hogels?
• Will printed displays be sold by the square yard and glued to the wall?
• Will disposable displays, powered by printed batteries and with built-in storage chips, talk to us from cereal boxes?
• Will chip implants directly interface to our brains, eliminating the need for any displays at all?

Displays: Fundamentals and Applications begins by presenting the basics of wave optics, geometric optics, light modulation, visual perception, and display measures, along with the principles of holography. It then describes the technology and techniques behind projection displays, projector-camera systems, stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays, computer-generated holography, and near-eye displays. In addition, the authors discuss how real-time computer graphics and computer vision enable the visualization of graphical 2D and 3D content. The text is complemented by more than 400 rich illustrations, which give readers a clear understanding of existing and emerging display technology.

Table of Contents

Preface xi

1 Introduction
1.1 Displays: A Bird's-Eye View
1.2 Milestones of Display Technology
1.3 Organization of the Book

2 Fundamentals of Light
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Electromagnetic Radiation
2.3 Principles of Light Generation
2.4 Measuring Light
2.5 Physics of Light
2.6 Summary

3 Principles of Optics
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Wave Optics
3.3 Geometric Optics
3.4 Formation of Point Images
3.5 Lasers
3.6 Summary

Basics of Visual Perception
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Human Visual System
4.3 Colorimetry
4.4 Depth Perception
4.5 Motion Pictures
4.6 Summary

Holographic Principles
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Holography: A Summary
5.3 Interference and Diffraction
5.4 Holographic Optical Elements (HOE)
5.5 Optical Holography
5.6 Summary

6 Display Basics
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Fundamental Measures
6.3 Color and Intensity Production
6.4 Signal and Image Processing
6.5 Electronics
6.6 Assembly
6.7 Summary

Spatial Light Modulation
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Transmissive Displays
7.3 Reflective Displays
7.4 Transflective Displays
7.5 Emissive Displays
7.6 High Dynamic Range Displays
7.7 Bidirectional Displays
7.8 Projection Displays
7.9 Summary

8 Projector-Camera Systems
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Challenges of Non-optimized Surfaces
8.3 Geometric Registration
8.4 Radiometric Compensation
8.5 Correcting Complex Light Modulations
8.6 Overcoming Technical Limitations
8.7 Summary

9 Three-Dimensional Displays
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Three-Dimensional Displays: Basic Considerations
9.3 Spatial Stereoscopic Displays
9.4 Autostereoscopic Displays
9.5 Light-Field Displays
9.6 Computer-Generated Holograms
9.7 3D Media Encoding
9.8 Summary

10 Near-Eye Displays
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Eye Physiology
10.3 Brightness and Power Consumption
10.4 Display Technologies for Near-Eye Displays
10.5 Examples of Near-Eye Displays
10.6 Optical Design
10.7 Laser Displays
10.8 Focus and Accommodation
10.9 Holographic Image Generation for NED
10.10Optical Combiners
10.11Contact Lens Displays
10.12Adaptive Displays and Eye Tracking
10.13Image Integration
10.14Summary

11 Discussion and Outlook
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Next Steps in Display Technology
11.3 A Short Reflection on Displays
11.4 Brain-Computer Interfaces -- The Ultimate Solution?

Appendix: Image Processing for Displays
A. The Fixed-Function Graphics Pipeline
B. The Programmable Graphics Pipeline
C. Graphics Hardware
D. GPU Programming Languages
E. An Introduction to GPU Programming by Example
F. The Swiss Army Knife of GPU Image Processing

Bibliography

Index